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Многоступенчатые насосы - что о них нужно знать?

Секционный насос

На рынке можно найти множество типов насосов - от самых простых моделей до сложных насосных станций.  Особую категорию среди них составляют центробежные многоступенчатые насосы, которые считаются устройствами, предназначенными преимущественно для промышленного использования. 

Многоступенчатые насосы обязаны своим названием характерной конструкции, в которой использовались последовательно соединенные рабочие колеса, называемые ступенями. Их задача - увеличить давление воды или другой жидкости, с которой работает насос. Как правило, чем больше ступеней, тем выше давление может быть получено - что очень важно при постоянном расходе.

Фактически напор жидкости, который создают электронасосы многоступенчатого типа, складывается из суммы напоров, создаваемых каждой его ступенью. Такое качество позволяет добиваться более высокого давления жидкости в обслуживаемых ими трубопроводных системах и перемещать ее по ним на более дальние расстояния и более значительные высоты.

Секционный насос

Принцип работы многоступенчатых насосов

Центробежный многоступенчатый насос является секционным устройством и работает в определенном порядке. Сначала жидкость через всасывающий патрубок поступает в первую секцию, в которой расположено рабочее колесо. После создания необходимого напора вода сквозь нагнетательный патрубок проходит внутрь второй секции, где на нее снова воздействует центробежная сила, образованная вторым рабочим колесом. После этого жидкость под давление поступает из насоса в выходной шланг.

Можно выделить два основных типа многоступенчатых насосов, а именно:

  • Вертикальные насосы
  • Горизонтальные насосы

Они различаются только расположением вала - вертикальным или горизонтальным. Вертикальные насосы, адаптированные для увеличения давления в водных системах, более популярны на российском рынке.

Секционный насосСекционный насос

Преимуществами многоступенчатых насосов

  • Компактность и маленький вес
  • Надежность и долговечность
  • Энергоэффективность
  • Простота в эксплуатации
  • Доступная цена
Секционный насосmulti-stage vertical pump

Когда используются многоступенчатые насосы?

Как упоминалось ранее, целью использования многоступенчатого насоса является повышение давления воды в установке и, таким образом, повышение эффективности подключенных к ней устройств, таких как:

  • системы циркуляции высокого давления
  • поддержка бесперебойного снабжения водой в коммунальных предприятиях
  • системы орошения и дождевания под высоким давлением (например, для орошения пахотных полей, включения дождевателей и т. д.)
  • дренажные системы
  • автомойки
  • системы охлаждения
  • установки противопожарной защиты и системы пожаротушения
  • промышленные прачечные
  • промывочные системы

Как видите, многоступенчатые насосы - это универсальные устройства, что, однако, не означает, что каждый имеющийся на рынке насос может справиться со всеми описанными задачами. Ключевым фактором здесь является правильный выбор насоса для конкретной задачи, а также для типа перекачиваемой жидкости.

Какой многоступенчатый насос выбрать?

Самым важным критерием является ожидаемая производительность, которая строго связана с предполагаемым использованием насоса. Также необходимо учитывать качество и тип жидкости, с которой будет контактировать насос. При выборе многоступенчатого насоса лучше ориентироваться на отечественного производителя. Во-первых, не будет проблем с ремонтом изделия. Те же сальники необходимо периодически менять. Во-вторых, наши инженеры учитывают российскую специфику, в первую очередь, качество воды. Следовательно, насосы российского производства прослужат значительно дольше.

 

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      Backtrace
      • 19. /app/Widgets/Menu.php:25
      • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:36
      • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Util.php:41
      • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:93
      • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:37
    • select * from `category_images` where `category_images`.`category_id` in (3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 58, 59, 60, 103, 107, 112, 115, 117, 391, 392, 393, 394, 403, 618, 629, 630, 639, 940, 1155, 1157, 1159, 1191, 1192, 1193, 1256, 1270, 1272, 1283, 2364, 2365, 2425, 2430, 2577, 2612, 2630, 2692, 2705, 2713, 2714, 2740, 2741, 2769, 2789, 2794, 2811, 2868, 2871, 2889, 2907, 2934, 2950, 2951, 2953, 2954, 3006, 3007, 3017, 3018, 3042, 3045, 3047, 3048, 3049, 3051, 3052, 3054, 3057, 3071, 3072, 3094, 3095) order by `sort` asc
      4.97ms/app/Widgets/Menu.php:25kontmotornew
      Metadata
      Backtrace
      • 24. /app/Widgets/Menu.php:25
      • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:36
      • 26. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Util.php:41
      • 27. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:93
      • 28. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:37
    • select * from `regions` where `id` > '0' order by `order` asc
      900μs/app/Widgets/Regions.php:22kontmotornew
      Metadata
      Bindings
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      Backtrace
      • 14. /app/Widgets/Regions.php:22
      • 15. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:36
      • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Util.php:41
      • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:93
      • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:37
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    App\Entity\FeatureVal
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    App\Entity\Feature
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    App\Entity\CategoryImage
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    App\Entity\Category
    121
    App\Entity\ProductImage
    12
    App\Entity\Product
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    App\Entity\Article
    8
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